This study aims to establish the relationship between the planning practices in monitoring and evaluation and programme performance at Caritas Meru, Kenya. In this study, a theory of change provides a theoretically grounded, evidence-based approach. It ensures that interventions are systematically planned, monitored, and evaluated in a transparent and adaptable way. Mixed data collection methods were used, including questionnaires, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions. Frequencies, percentages, standard deviations and correlation coefficients were used for analysis. The study revealed a statistically significant but weak relationship between M&E budgeting practice and the performance of livelihood programmes (r = 0.227, p = 0.000). Additionally, it found a very weak significant correlation (r = 0.141, p =0.000) between monitoring and evaluation planning practices and the performance of livelihood programmes implemented by Caritas Meru, Kenya. The finding contributes to academia and practice by establishing a correlation between planning practices in monitoring and evaluation and performance in livelihood programme at Caritas Meru.